Crushing-roll machine



T J. STURTEVANT.

CRUSHING ROLL MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13, 1917. 350 74 PatentedAug; 24, 1920.

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APPLICATION FILED FEB- 13, 1917- 1,350,748. Patented Aug. 24,1920r v 4EEEEEEEEEEEE 2- T. J STURTEVANT.

CRUSHING ROLL MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13, 1917.

Patented Aug. 24, 1920.

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ventor 4 1 k Q\\ 7 x mm EEEE Ami T. J. STURTEVANT.

CRUSHLNG ROLL MACHINE.

APPLICATlON FILED FEB. 13, 1917.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS J. STURTEVANT, 0F WELLESLEY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO STURTE-VANT MILL COMPANY, OF BOSTON, IVIASSACHUS-ETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSA-CHUSETTS.

CRUSHING-ROLL MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 24, 1920.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS J. STUR'rE- man, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at lVellesley, county of Norfolk, and State ofMassachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Crushing-Roll Machines,of which the following description, in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is

a specification, like characters on the drawings representing likeparts.

The invention hereinafter described relates to crushing roll machinesfor comininuting rock and other materials.

Ii'fachines of this class are subjected to rack and shocks, andconsequently must be strongly constructed to stand up to the work theyare called upon to perform. One of the objects of the invention is toprovide a powerful balanced machine which will withstand the grindingshocks to which it must be subjected with a minimum injury to themachine. 7

It, is desirable to be able to adjust the crusher rolls toward and fromeach other to vary the space between them, according to the degree offineness of comminution of the material desired. Another object of theinvention is to provide simple, easily-constructed, readily-accessiblemeans for adjusting these rolls toward and from one another.

The rolls should be yieldingly pressed toward one another in order thatthey may move to increase the distance between them in casenon-crushable foreign material larger than the normal space between therolls should need to pass between them. Another object of the inventionis to provide improved spring means for yieldingly pressing the rollstoward one another; means to permit the rolls to skew axially to allowforeign matter to pass between them; means whereby the pressure of thesprings may be easily and accessibly adjusted; means whereby the tensionof the springs be relaxed to allow the removal of the rolls; a springorganization for urging the rolls toward one another in which thesprings will be exposed so as to prevent cloggin by dust, of the spacesbetween the coils of the springs; and means to prevent in the casing onshafts 1T the bearing boxes of the roll shafts from lifting on theircarriages during the operation of the machine.

Still another object of the invention is to provide shield plates forthe ends of the crusher rolls mounted on the covers for doors at theends of the rolls, the arrangement being such that the rolls and platesmay be moved out of the casing with the covers to expose the plates forconvenient adjustment and repair, and to disclose and render accessiblethe ends of the rolls.

The character of the invention may be best understood by reference tothe following description of one good form of the invention shown in theaccompanying draw ings, wherein Figure l is a side elevation of themachine;

F 2 on a reduced scale, is an end elevation of the machine;

Fig. 3 on an enlarged scale, is a vertical section taken on the line 33of Fig. 1;

rig. 4: on an enlarged scale is a vertical section through an expansionmember for ring a crushing roll to its shaft;

. Fig. is a vertical longitudinal section through the machine; and

Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section through the machine taken on theline 6-6 Referring to the drawings: The machine shown therein comprisesa foundation bed 1 having a ca 'ing 3 rising centrally tl erefrom andsurmounted by a hoppero having an inlet neck 7. Inclined doors 9 furnishaccess to the iopper which may contain a usual distributing device notshown) driven by a pulley 11.

A pair of crushing rolls 15 are mounted having ends projecting'outwardbeyond the sides of the easing over the foundation bed.

The improved means for securing these rolls to their shafts comprises anexpansion member 19, 4, comprising peripheral segments 21 circumferentialy spaced and having recesses 23 between them. These segments in thepresent instance of the in vention, are connected by arcuatc expansiblewebs 25 occupying said recesses. This expansible member may be slid overone end of the shaft 17 onto a tapered portion 27, Fig. (5, ,of theshaft where it occupies the space between said portion and the rollwhich, it will be noted, is of annular form and'has an internal diametersubstantially larger than the shaft on which it is mounted. v

The expansible member has an internal tapered bore fitting the taperedportion of the shaft and when said member is slid axially over saidshaft, its webs 25 will expand and increase the spaces between thesegments of the member. As a result, said segments will move outward andpress against the inner surface of the roll and secure the same to theshaft. Obviously, when the expansible member is shifted toward thelarger end of the tapered portion of the shaft, it will be tightened tosaid portion and roll, but when shifted toward the opposite end of saidtapered portion it will re lease-the parts. T 0 tighten and release theexpansion member, through bolts 29 may be provided entered through theapertures afforded by the arcuate webs of the member. These bolts mayalso be entered through holesin a collar 31 on the. shaft 17 and adaptedto abut'against the larger end of the tapered portion of said shaft. Theconstruction is such that when the bolts are tightened, their heads willbe held by said M collar and their nuts will press against tl eexpansion member may be readily secured opposite end or said member andslide the latter axially over said shaft lnto tight ena ement therewith.When it is desired to 23 D remove the expansion member, the bolts arecontract to permit the expansion and coin traction movements of thesegments witl out breaking or weakening said webs. The

. or released by tightening the bolts which imand without the necessityof pounding the part a steady drawing movement to the expansion memberwith mechanical advantage parts and attendant likelihood of mutilationthereof and oestruction of their original form. V 7

Having described the crusher rolls and the means for connecting the samewith their shafts, next will be described the supports for theshafts.There are two shafts, one for each roll, and the supports for the endsof the shafts are similar. Therefore, a description of the support foran end of one of the shafts will suflice for all.

This support comprises a bearing box in which the shaft is journaled, asuitable lining 35 beinginterposed between the box and the shaft.Preferably, the top of the box has an opening provided with acover 3'7leaving a space beneath the cover above the shaft to-accommodate wasteor other lubricant-containing material.

The bearing box is mounted upon riage 39 and is adapted to slide alongthe same to allow the roll carried thereby to move toward or from itscompanion roll. To guide the box in its sliding movement on said carriae, it may have a groove 41, Fig. 6, in the bottom thereof, into whichthe u? per end of the carriage projects. ably, the groove is somewhatwider carriage, to allow a snficient play them, permitting the be toskew on me carriage when the foreign, non-crushab materials pass betweenthe rolls and near one side of the machine than the other, so as toproduce a skewing of the rolls.

At the inner end of the carriage rise abutment 43 against which the beis urged by four helical springs 5 .5 confined between the box and a cap4-7. The latter is held against the outer ends of the springs by a screw49, threaded into a nut 51 reacting against an upright at the rear endof the carriage and through which the screw -29 loosely projects.

By this construction, the screw can be readily turned to simultaneouslyand equally vary the tension of both springs or to release thetensionandpermit the removal of the bearing box from its carriag as required.

lVhen the machine is in op ration, there is at times a tendency fort-hebox to work upward from the'base of the carriage :19 along the upright43. To prevent this, limiting means is provided for the box, in thpresent instance of the invention in the for of a strip 55 mounted ontieupper the upright and overlapping the upper ed of the box. This strip'isdetachably securei .to said upright by screws 5?. The bearing boxes andsprings are not inclosed in a casing, but are exposed and convenientlyaccessible. It is also desirable that the s i ings should be exposedsince this prevents con- 7 finement and accumulation of dust arou thesprings and between the convolutious thereof such. as might clog andprevent proper working of the springs.

To close the apertures of the roll casing through which the shaftprojects, collars 59, Fig. 6, may be keyed to the shafts to rotatetherewith, and have outer flanges 61 for engagement with the inner endsof the bearing boxes inner flanges 63 fitting the shaft receivingapertures. These collars are pressed against the inner ends of thebearing boxes by helical springs confined between the flange and theroll securing expansion member at one side of the casing and confinedbetween the flange 63 and the collar 61 referred to at the opposite sideof the casing.

To confine the roll shafts against axial movement, collar members 57,Fig. 1, may be bolted together and clamped to the shafts adjacent theiropposite ends and bear against the outer ends of the bearing boxes.

To rotate the roll shafts, each may be provided with a driving pulley 69at one end thereof. These pulleys are disposedat opposite sides of themachine and thus con tribute to the compact organization of the machine.

N ext will bedescribed the means for adjusting the distance between therolls to vary the eifective crushing space between the rolls and meansfor holding the rolls in their positions of adjustment." To accomplishthis in the present instance of the invention, collars 71, Fig. 5, maybe secured by bolts to the outer ends of the carriages and may bethreaded to end portions of shafts 73. Two of these shafts are provided,one at each side of the machine for connecting the carriages thereat.The end portions of each shaft are oppositely threaded so that when theshaft is rotated in one direction, it will cause the rolls to approachone another, and when said shaft is rotated in the opposite direction,it will cause said rolls to recede from one another.

These shafts are strong in construction and constitute the means forconnecting the bearing carriages of the opposed rolls and resist theoutward thrust, of the rolls away from one another while performing thework of reducing the materials fed into the machine. Thus, it will beobserved the rolls arebalanced and the rack and shock of their action issubstantially relieved from the machine. l

Preferably the carriages are formed to encircle said connecting shaftsand present downwardly arranged portions 75, Fig. ,6, wh chsubstantially contribute to the strength of the carriages and contributeto a simple, compact organization. f

The carrrges are supported for sliding movement on the foundation bed.To guide and support the carriages at each side of the roll casing, thefoundation bed is formed to present a pair of opposed'inturned tracks 76fitting into corresponding grooves in the carria The tracks of each pairare connected by a web 76 and extend the entire length or" the machineso as to permit the carriages to he slid on and off from the foundationbed, as more fully hereinafter described.

While the rolls are balanced and their will suflice for both.

This means comprises a head '77, Figs. 1, 2 and 5, adjacent one end ofthe shaft and secured to the foundation bed of the machine by bolts '79projecting through bosses 81 formed integral with said bed. These boltswill serve to limit the head against movement outward from the bed.Movement of the head in the opposite direction may be prevented byenlargements on said bolts confined between said head and ends of thefoundation bosses.

A worm gear 85, Fig. 5, is threaded on one end of the shaft 73 andpresents a face for en agement with one side of the head 77. Theopposite side of said head is engaged by a nut 87 threaded on saidshaft. The worm gear may be loclred'against rotation on said shaft afterproperly adjusted, by a key 89. The worm gear may have a hub 91projecting through a bore in the head somewhat larger than the diameterof the shaft, but

this nub should be somewhat shorter than the thickness of said head inorder that the worm gear and nut may be relatively adjusted tal-ze upwear thereon.

The worm gear and nut serve to connect the shaft with said head, andthus prevent movement of said shaft in the direction of fits axis whilepermitting rotation of said shaft.

The worm gear serves the dual function of constituting a part of themeans for conlining the shaft against axial movement and a part of themeans for imparting rotation to said shaft. 7

It is desirable to simultaneously and equally rotate the carriageconnecting shafts at opposite sid s of the machine in order that thecarriages for the opposite ends of each roll shaft shall besymmetrically adjusted. To accomplish this, a cross shaft 93, Figs. 1and 2, may be provided above the worm gears 85and may have worms 95 fastthereon meshing with said worm gears; This shaft may be journaled inbearings formed partly in a clamping member 97 adjustably secured to oneof said heads by tl1roughbolts 99. in end 101, 2, of said shaft may besquared to receive a suitable crank for rotating the same.

w it desired to ad t the rolls 0 another to vary the space the cranrisapplied to the tter is rotated. thereby .s, worm gears and the carriageconnecting shafts. The latter will cause the rolls to approach or recedefrom oneanother, according to the direction of rotation imparted to saidshafts. After the rolls have been adjusted to the desired positions, thethrough-bolts 99 are tightened,'

thereby drawing the clamp member 97 toward the head and securing thework shaft against rotation.

The means for adjusting the carriage connecting shafts and limiting thesame against axial movement, it will be noted, is located atone end ofthe'machine externally of the foundation bed, thereby enabling the same-;to be easily and readily assembled with the bed .and accomplishing thepurposes desired with a minimumnumber of parts. 7

Next will be described the means for shielding the ends of the crusherrolls, This means in the present instance of the invention, comprisesshleld plates 103, Figs. 3 and 6, sufiiciently large .to cover thespaces at the ends of the rolls a substantial distance above the bightbetween the rolls. These plates may be swiveled on pins 105projecting'inward from covers 107 for doors or apertures .in the sideplates of the casing inclosing the rollsf These plates may be turned onthese pins end for endto different positions of rotative'adjustment;they may be moved toward the ends of said rolls, or they .may bereversed so that their outer Y faces shown in Fig. 3,.willbejsubstituted 7 the inward movement of the plates.

of the material fed between the rolls.

, oermittin a" read 0 enin' and closin thereof. To accomplish this inthe present instance ofthe invention, they are connected withthe casingby hinges 111, Fig. 3, and areflocked by latches inthe form of bails 113pivoted to the casing and adapted to swing over fingers 115projecting-upwardly from the covers. The bails may be secured by screwbolts 117 threaded into said bails and adapted to engagev said ffingers. j Bythe construction described, the shield 'platesmay be movedoutward with the covers, thereby rendering the plates convenientlyaccessible for adjustment or replacement, and alsodesirably exposing theends of the crusher rolls. v Fixed shield plates 119 may be securec byscrews 121 to the casing above the cover shield plates described.

.Sincethe cover shield plates swing outward with the covers, theydesirably expose the feedrolls without loss of proper adj ustment of theplates relatively to the covers. This renders the feed rolls quickly andclearly visible for the purpose of observing the adjustment of saidrolls relatively to one another while in rotation and actively reducingmaterial. The cross shafts may be turned to adjust the carriages andtheir rolls toward or from one another while the machine is in motionand while the rolls are observed through the door at the end of thecasing.

Occasionally a piece of steel or other foreign material will becomejammed in the crushing space between the rolls,respecially after thepower is shut off from the machine and the rolls are turning slowly inthe course-of stopping. It therefore becomes necessary to dislodge andremove such foreign 'material. Since the covers and shield plates mayswing outward together, they enable the operative to discover quicklythe location of such obstruction. He may then readily reach in throughone of the doors and remove the obstruction by means of a rod or otherimplement.

In. the work of reducing the material fed into the machine, the rollsexperience a pounding and pressing action which tends to reduce theirthickness and tends to en large the internal diameter thereof. Thisenlargement tends to loosen the frictional engagement of the expansibleclamping members with the rolls, but the expansible clamping members maybe quickly and readily further expanded to secure the rolls' thereto bytightening the bolts which extendthrough the expansible member. Whenitis desired to remove the rolls from the machine to repair the same orsubstitute.

new rolls therefor, it is necessary merely to release the screws whichhold the springs in tension and then the bearing boxes may be slidoutward on their carriages sufficiently to escape the strips above theirupper edges which prevent them from rising up from their carriages. Thenthe rolls, shafts and bearing boxes-maybe lifted bodily out of themachine where they are conveniently accessible.

.- If it is desired further to dismantle the machine and toremovethecarriages from the foundation bed, it is necessary merely to releasethe collars threaded to the carriage-connecting shafts from the carriageand to release the bolts which secure the shaft limiting heads to thefoundation bed. This will permit the heads, worm cross shaft, and thecarriage-connecting shafts to be removed from the machine, said shaftsbeing pulled through the portions of the carriages encircling them outthrough the end of the machine. Then the carriages at one end of themachine may be slid on their tracks outward toward said end of themachine from the foundation bed and the carriages at the opposite end ofthe machine may be slid on their tracks toward said end of the machinefrom the foundation bed.

The machine described is extremely strong, and simple in construction;the parts are easy to manufacture and assemble, and are convenientlyaccessible for purposes of adjustment, removal, or repair.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the specificembodiment shown, but that extensive deviations may be made therefromwithout departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as definedin the appended claims.

What is claimed is 1. A machine of thecharacter described, comprising,in combination, a support, normally stationary carriages mountedthereon, journal boxes movable on said carriages, shafts j ournaled insaid boxes, crushing rolls on said shafts, springs acting on said boxesyieldingly to press and move both of said rolls toward each other, anadjusting shaft having portions threaded to said carriages, means torotate said adjusting shaft relatively to adjust both of said carriages,and means connected to said shaft and support adjacent only one end ofsaid support, serving normally to prevent axial movement of saidadjusting shaft relatively to said support.

2. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, asupport, carriages slidably mounted thereon, journal boxes slidablymounted on said carriages, shafts journaled in said boxes, opposedcrushing rolls on said shafts, springs acting on said boxes yieldinglyto move and press said rolls toward each other, an adjusting shafthaving portions threaded to said carriages, a member connected to saidshaft, and a pair of bolts connecting said member with said support toprevent axial movement of said adjusting shaft relatively to saidsupport.

3. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, abed, carriages slidably mounted on said bed, a pair of opposed crushingrolls carried by said carriages, a pair of adjusting shafts threaded toboth of said carriages, worm wheels on said shafts adjacent one end ofsaid base, a cross shaft having worms meshing with said worm wheelssimultaneously to rotate said adjusting shafts to vary the space betweensaid crushing rolls heads connected to said shafts adjacent one end ofsaid bed, and means detachably to secure said heads to said bed toconfine said adjusting shafts against axial movement.

f. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, abed, carriages slidably mounted on said bed, shafts carried by saidcarriages, opposed crushing rolls on said shafts, an adjusting shaftthreaded to both of said carriages and projecting through and beyondboth ends of said bed, means to rotate said adjusting shaft to vary therelative positions of said rolls, a member connected to said adjustingshaft beyond one end of said bed, and means connecting said'member tosaid bed to secure said adjusting shaft against axial movement.

5. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, asupport, carriages slidably mounted thereon, shafts car ried by saidcarriages, opposed crushing rolls on said shafts, an adjusting shafthaving portions threaded to both of said carriages, a head connected tosaid adjusting shat, means to secure said head to said support, a wormwheel fast on said adjusting shaft, a worm meshing with said worm wheel,a shaft for said worm, and a clamp cooperating ith said head to securesaid worm shaft in different positions of adjustment.

6. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, abed having pairs of internal tracks thereon and webs connecting saidtracks, hollow carriages having outward facing grooves to slide alongsaid tracks, journal boxes mounted on said carriages, shafts journaledin said boxes, opposed crushing rolls on said shafts, adjusting shaftsprojecting through said hol low carriages, members threaded to saidadjusting shafts and secured to said carriages, means to secure saidadjusting shafts against longitudinal movement, and means to rotate saidadjusting shafts to vary the space between said crushing rolls.

7. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, asupport, carriages mounted. thereon, boxes on said carriages, shaftsjournaled in said boxes, opposed crushing rolls on said shafts, andmeans relatively to adjust both of said carriages including an adjustingshaft threaded to said carriages, a gear on said adjusting shaft, a nuton said adjusting shaft, a head confined between said gear and nut,means connecting said head to said support to prevent axial movement ofsaid adjusting shaft, and a gear cooperating with the gear on saidadjusting shaft to rotate the latter.

8. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, asupport, carriages mounted thereon having abutments and uprights, boxesslidably mounted on said carriages between said abutments and uprights,shafts journaled in said boxes, crushing rolls on said shafts, coilsprings for pressing said boxes toward said abutments, caps forengagement with said springs, adjusting screws projecting looselythrough said uprights and having ends engaging said caps, and nutsthreaded on said adjusting screws and bearing against said uprights toresist outward movement of said springs.

9. A machine of the class described, com prising in combination, asupport, carriages thereon, crusher rolls journaled on said carriages, ashaft threaded to said carriages, a worm gear and a nut threaded on saidshaft, a member interposed between said worm gear and nut to confinesaid shaft against axial movement, a worm for rotating said gear, ashaft for said worm, and means to clamp said shaft against rotation.

10. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, asupport, crusher rolls mounted thereon, bearing boxes for said rolls,carriages for said boxes having inner abutments, exposed springs forurging said boxes toward said abutments, and narrow members mounted onthe latter and projecting slightly from the abutment so as to overlapthe inner edges of said boxes to prevent said boxes from rising on saidcarriages while admitting ready removal of the boxes from theircarriages.

11. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusherrolls, a casing therefor having apertures furnishing access to the endsof said rolls, doors for said apertures movable out therefrom, shieldplates between said doors and rolls, and means to support said platesfrom said doors, said apertures being sufliciently large to permit saidplates to pass therethrough.

12. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination,crusher-rolls, a casing therefor having apertures atthe ends of saidrolls, doors for said apertures movable out therefrom, shield platesbetween said doors and rolls, and means adjustably to connect saidplates and doors.

13. A mac iine ofthe class described, compris'ing'in combination,crusher rolls, a casing therefor having apertures at the ends of saidrolls, doors for said apertures movable out therefrom, shield platesbetween said doors and rolls, and screw means adjustably to connect saidplates and doors.

14. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusherrolls, a casing therefor having apertures at the ends of said rolls,doors for said apertures movable out therefrom, shield members betweensaid doors and rolls, and means to connect said members with said doors.

15. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusherrolls, a casing therefor having doors at the ends of said rolls, coversfor said doors hinged to said casing, and shield plates for said rollsmounted on said covers.

16. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusherrolls, a casing therefor having doors at the ends of said rolls, coversfor said doors hinged to said casing, latch means for said covers, andshield plates for said rolls mounted on said covers.

17. A machine of the class described, comprising in combination, crusherrolls, a casing therefor having an aperture furnishing access to ends ofsaid rolls, a door for said aperture movable out therefrom, and a shieldplate for said rolls mounted on said door. p v

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

THOMAS J. STURTEVANT.

